The two UK CB bands
The UK has two sets of 40 channels. The original UK FM channels, often called 27/81, run from 27.60125 to 27.99125 MHz in 10 kHz steps and are unique to the UK. The EU (CEPT) channels, from 26.965 to 27.405 MHz, are shared with the rest of Europe and the US. Most UK CB rigs have both, switched as UK and EU or CE. CB in the UK has been licence-exempt since 2006: you can use 4 W on FM on either band, and since 2014 also 4 W AM and 12 W PEP SSB on the EU channels.
US CB
The US uses the same 40 channel frequencies as Europe, with 4 W on AM and 12 W PEP on SSB. FM has also been allowed since 2021. No licence is needed. Channel 9 is reserved for emergencies and travellers' assistance, and channel 19 is the unofficial highway channel. Note that channel 23 sits between 24 and 25 in frequency, a leftover from when the band grew from 23 to 40 channels.
Australian UHF CB
Australia's busiest CB band is UHF, with 80 channels at 12.5 kHz spacing from 476.425 to 477.4125 MHz, used on FM at up to 5 W. Channels 1 to 8 and 41 to 48 are repeater outputs, with the inputs 30 channels higher (750 kHz up). Use channel 5, or its repeater input 35, only for emergencies, and keep voice off channels 22 and 23, which are for data. Australia also allows 27 MHz CB on the same 40 channels as the US.
Getting the best range
CB range depends mostly on the antenna. A full-size quarter-wave whip on 27 MHz is about 2.6 m long, so most vehicle aerials are loaded and shorter, and need tuning with an SWR meter. The SWR calculator and quarter-wave vertical calculator help with home-made aerials.
Questions
What is the CB emergency channel?
Channel 9 in the UK, Europe and the US. On Australian UHF CB, channel 5 (with input on 35) is the emergency channel.
What channel do truckers use?
Channel 19 in the US and on the UK and EU bands. On Australian UHF CB it's channel 40.
Do I need a licence for CB?
No. CB is licence-exempt in the UK, the US and Australia, as long as you use approved equipment within the power limits.
Can I use a US CB radio in the UK?
Only if it's approved for UK use. US radios use the same frequencies as the EU band, but must meet UK and EU equipment standards to be legal.